“Timing is everything” – that is if you know what you are waiting for…

 “In the landscape of time, there are few locations less comfortable than that of one who waits for some person or event to arrive at some unknown moment in the future.” Robert Grudin

They say timing is everything but for many of us we then get caught in a rut waiting for that one great sign that says now is the time.  Worst still few really know what said sign would be and as such opportunities are lost while we wait.  Movement is always good, even if at a minimum it is a lateral transfer, for it allows for growth through exposure.

In relationships we let an abusive situation fester; allowing it to consume us until we cannot even recognize ourselves.  We keep watering long after a plant is dead.  Work situation is no different.  Many of us stay in jobs too long, stuck in yesteryear, when staying in one job for a lifetime was viewed as a sign of stability.   Alas no more.

Today we are constantly reminded that it is an employer’s market.  That as long as the pool of "possible employees" is as big as it is that you are well served to stay where you are.   Where the Great Depression created a population of great savers who were frugal almost to a fault, the Great Recession created people who are fearful but unfortunately our generation did not get the memo on frugality either.  There is a downside to our kind of fear.  Our fear stifles growth. 

The economy itself has all but recovered but the jobs market missed the gravy train.  The employees who were not retrenched during 2008 and 2009 recession years have held onto their jobs as if their very lives depended on it.  Having been woven into the web of lies that says you need your job more than you employer needs your skill-set.  If you are buying into the story that there aren't enough jobs to go round then you support the insignificant pay increase, which each year falls well short of the cost of living adjustment. 

I would like to cry foul to that train of thought.  There is absolutely no way anyone who has been out of work for a stretch of time can come in and step into my shoes without there being significant decrease in productivity for a period.  Yes, I do concede that everyone is replaceable in the long run but, fundamentally the longer someone works on something the more proficient they are.  Whatever happened to a "bird in hand is worth two in the bush".  

According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics report there were over 4.0 million job openings at the last business day of March. This speaks volumes of the opportunities that are available.  If you feel you are currently not qualified for the jobs on that are available maybe a career change and/or training would not be a bad idea.  Whatever the action you might end up taking, any has to be better than none.  It is important to acknowledge that there are times when value increases with transfer, meaning it is easier to get a significant pay increase by taking your knowledge elsewhere than it is by trying to prove to your current boss that you are “worth your weight in gold”. 

The biases that divide us

According to psychologists having biases can be a healthy thing but for tangible benefits "keeping them in check requires a delicate balance of self-awareness".  Asking the majority of us to "balance our self-awareness" is a tall order since most go through life without the slightest inkling who we really are.  And for those of us who actually embark on the quest for self-realization the journey itself can be more cumbersome than we are willing to commit.

I believe some of us unknowing default to our biases as we seek a comfort zone or a known quantity/quality.  But for others it is our weaknesses that lead us to use biases as a crutch.  We hide behind our self-proclaim principles, never venturing out to view the world from a different vantage point if not only to confirm that the grace is truly greener where we reside.

Everyone complains that economy and/or the country as a whole is not going in the right direction.  A quest for the exact nature of the problem is no easy feat since our view of what is missing or going wrong is fundamentally affected by our own personal biases.  Now for the man on the street it may be as simple as not having a job or worse still being homeless.  For the small business owner it might be the perceived imposition of Obama Care or the possible increase to minimum wage rate.  For the Fortune 500 companies it might the inability to bring in tax-free the trillions of dollars earned in foreign countries.

For each sector the problems are real and depending on individual perceptions and biases the gravity of the each can be life shattering.   It is easier, albeit selfish, to only worry about the things that affect you directly.  Since Main Street does not have the necessary funds to afford single-minded lobbyist who fight relentlessly to keep their issues on the forefront of policy discussions in Washington, their needs will forever be a line items that only appear during election time.

As we approach the mid-term election season take ownership of your own future.  Do not rely on media to make decisions for you.  Every news channel has its own biases and it is in understanding what these biases are that one is able to separate truth from propaganda.  Fox News will always favor the republican view, while MSNBC is the democrat equivalent.  CNN is all about the sensational - their biases are more towards ratings.  That is not say the other two channels do not worry about ratings either.  Ratings are media’s first loyalty and being informative news source to you comes well after their biases have come into play.

As individuals we owe to our future to take the necessary time to research the candidates on our ballots.  Do not allow your needs to be boxed into one party or the other.  Where a candidate does not speak to any issues that are of concern to you reach out to his local office and ask for their position on the issue.  Ask what they intend to do if elected.  More importantly once elected do not forget to hold their feet to the fire - promises made must be fulfilled.  Be your own lobbyist.

Your professional success and the role your parents play

Just had the opportunity to attend my cousin's daughter's graduation from Embry-Riddle University.  Have seen her grow into an amazing and extremely accomplished young woman on a journey that only she can limit.  Looking at her as she said her "thank you's" to the small gathering of family and friends that had traveled some distance for her graduation,  I found myself especially proud of her, but also of her parents and grandmother too. "Gogo" as she affectionately refers to her grandmother, her "favorite person in the whole world".  As she recited some hilarious college memories, I was blown away by the collective raw commitment that has brought her this far.

As children many of us are not fully aware of the role parents play in our success as adults.  Those of us that have had "hovering parents" or "tiger moms" are often heard complaining, "my mom is intense"; "my dad is psycho".  Before a child has figured out how to hold their own feeding bottle, some parents are already visualizing graduation day.  Our professional success is a life-journey that begins early in life.  Lessons and habits learnt as we grow we draw upon in our adult life.  Habits picked up in the play ground that determine our ability to play well with others; negotiate our turn on the swings later on aide us in the dynamics of adult life.

My school friends and I often joke about how some of the things that the "Dominican nuns" taught us helped strength us.  It is in recounting these memories that I failed to understand parents who are disconnected.  Some parents in Chicago are up in arms with Mayor Rahm Emanuel for closing failing schools, or the latest proposed "turnaround" which involves laying off entire staff for low test scores and replacing them with staff that have a better commitment to children's overall success.  Parents in these schools want status quo.  They do not see anything wrong with the fact that their children are way behind the rest of the nation, and the world on basic reading skills.  Past minimum wage jobs their children will not have the necessary skills to be gainfully employed.

The blatant disconnect between a need to be appropriately educated before you are requesting lawmakers to provide jobs is staggering.  Many of the parents who are expressing displeasure at the path Mayor Emanuel has chosen look to schools as a "babysitting facilities" and not as educational institutions.  The total opposite of my cousin and my aunt who have worried and planned from pregnancy.  We are supposed to want better for our children.  Our choices as parents on primary or secondary schooling for our children has lasting ramifications on where they end up for their tertiary education and life as a whole.  And that is not to say university is the only way for everyone - USA is way behind on vocational training options that Germany offers its high school students.  Which itself is a testament to their lower unemployment numbers.

Unemployment Rates US vs. Europe

It can all be overwhelming to a parent to know where to begin but the foundation is built on simply wanting better for your child.  Holding your child's feet to the fire when things start being difficult later on in life for every experience is but a lesson that serves a future need.

Given up looking for a job - what next?

Along with the drastic drop in USA unemployment numbers from 6.7% to 6.3%, comes many questions on how we came to the number since there is still continued consumer dissatisfaction.  GOP would love to take credit in that saying without the unemployment insurance extension people were forced to go out and look for jobs.  Unfortunately this clearly does not add up.  In the same period that 288,000 jobs were created the 0.4% drop in the unemployment number is approximately 733,000.

Some economist explain the difference in numbers by accounting for discouraged job seekers, others state it is a drop in new people entering the job market.  Which ever way you choose to look at it behind the numbers are real people with real problems.  Congress will have long winding discussions on the statistics behind the decline - juggling whose needs are more worthy of their attention.  Whatever path Congress chooses to take or not take, there remains an unacceptable number of Americans without the appropriate means to provide for themselves and their families.

What is the next step?  Since many would have already signed up for all the regular supplements to lost income one wonders what viable options remain..  What additional life changes does one now need to make?  I hear in conversation how many move in with family as they make their initial lifestyle changes after losing their jobs.  The unemployment insurance is only a fraction of income one would have been receiving.  There are serious and lasting psychological ramifications that are silently endured by many.

The job training programs that are being run are obviously not effective if no tangible results are achieved.  Whether it is individuals feeling too old to go through the much needed career change or it the young new entrants into the job market that lack the required training for our changing economy it is clear more urgent and effective policies are needed instead of the unending and clearly unfruitful debates.

A little knowledge is dangerous - Financial Literacy

Over the years I cannot tell you how many people hear something at a dinner party and want to run with it. While we learn a great deal through our regular daily interactions it is still prudent to fact-check what you hear from friends and family before plunging yourself into an investment nightmare. Many lack the basic financial literacy required to navigate their way through many of the investment vehicles available for use when building wealth.  If you are one of the few that are comfortable in admitting something is "above them" then seeking the assistance of a professional will always serve you well.  No need to commit to a purchase with said professional, simply make it known right from the beginning that you are merely researching.   

FINRA requires that at the time you set up account an investment professional required to ask you suitability questions.   These may appear to be an invasion of your privacy but, truth is as invasive as the questions may appear, they are a guideline to what sort of investments are suitable for you personally.  You are under no obligation to answer said questions but by withholding any relevant information you only serve to undermine your own success.  Even with purchases where you are not subjected to suitability questions it is prudent that you personally seek to ensure the investment vehicle at hand is right for you.  There are checks and balances that you as an individual should do.  FINRA has suitability guidelines are a handy resource.

When purchasing a home or a car never buy more than you can afford nor more than you need.  If you are single no point is buying a six bedroom house.  Tying funds up in one asset is a drawback to your goal of wealth accumulation.  One needs to categorize the items purchased for use separate from items purchased for investment.  With this in mind when making an investment choice it is unwise for you to look solely on the rate of return. There is the concept of "risk/reward" but more importantly you cannot risk more than you can afford to lose.  As such you need to pay attention to the Risk-return trade-off.

There are various free online courses that one can take in the comfort of their home that will go a long way towards ensuring basic financial literacy.  

Job Creation - The disparity between the needs of Main Street and Wall Street’s targets

Most of us see the change in economy as having begun in 2008 but in reality the problems started years before that.  The rise in unemployment has many contributing factors.  While we constantly find ourselves looking to politicians to put in place the right policies to encourage job creation, we forget our part in electing officials that are able to conceptualize our needs and put said policies in place. If we do not participate at the early of the process we really do not have the right to voice our displeasure nor be disgruntled at the policies in place.

Many of us are lukewarm at best during local elections but get caught up with the excitement of nationwide candidates.  If you asked the next person on the street who their local representatives are I would hazard a guess and say 1 in 4 are aware who represents them.  Asking who actually took time to know who is on the ballot before elections would give us less encouraging numbers.  Flip the question and nearly all of us know exactly who Mark Zuckerberg, Steve Jobs, Warren Buffet or Bill Gates is.  Others are even more familiar Miley Cyrus, Kim Kardashian or the crew from Duck Dynasty.  All in all most are more committed to the votes on "The Voice" or "American's Got Talent" than to their electoral duties as citizens. 

The corporate world's first loyalty is to its investors and its a relationship that requires constant nurturing. Rightly so in a world where capitalism is supposed to reign supreme.  Capitalism encourages competitiveness among us and it is through this that we have made huge strides innovation.  United States rose to greatness through innovation and manufacturing.  The manufacturing provided good paying jobs for the workers as well as good quality products that the workers purchased, plus surplus to supply the world markets.  The innovation has continued unabated with it the rise of companies such as Apple and Facebook.

The most profitable of corporate America, Apple, does most of it's manufacturing overseas but USA is the biggest market for Apple.  So the benefits of the manufacturing are being enjoyed by other countries but the consumption of said products are still in USA.  In the first quarter of 2014 Apple reported earning of $11.62 per share on sales of $45.6 billion.  Apple is not alone.  GE is rumored to have put forward an offer to purchase the French company Alstom as solution to GE long standing large cash being held overseas.  GE is not the only company with large cash reserves that Wall Street has been lobbying for a tax holiday to bring the funds into the USA.  As good as the reports being posted by Facebook the actual number of employees is a mere 6,818.  Apple on the other hand has 50,50 employees.

Needless to say it is abundantly clear that there is no relationship between the targets/estimates Wall Street sets for companies and the much needed job creation that Main Street has been yearning for badly so long.  The Federal Reserve for its part continues to weight the tools it has on hand to decide when the economy will be on sound ground so that they in turn can raise the historically low interest rates.  All in all Main Street continues to struggle.  While its not something we can expect Wall Street to changes it is something that deserves more attention than Congress is paying to the need of job creation.  The decrease in the number of unemployment are but a mere reflection of disgruntle job seekers giving up.

Identity Theft

Most of us have security alarms systems at home or on our cars.  Few of us walk away from our cars without double checking to see if we really locked the car.  All of these extra steps only serve confirm just how visual a society we are but yet we live in a world that is anything but visual.  Why is it that we pay so little attention toward preserving the things that we have worked so hard, if not for the time it has taken us to accumulate our assets but also for our precious future.

All that awareness seems to fall away as soon as we see an item being advertised for a lower purchase price.  We quickly pick up our electronic device and start the process of making the purchase.  The Target and Neiman Marcus security breaches should have taught us many lessons but we learnt very little if anything at all. Target sent emails to all those affected offering credit monitoring for a year but one wonders just how many of us actually went through with the application.  Yes we do tend to dismiss the possibility to something happening to us.  Many echo “what are the odds?” or alternatively “I do not have anything that someone would want to steal”.

It will not always be that we are made aware of our information being comprised.  Most organizations have an obligation to inform you as well offer some solution to limit losses but what if the breach was either at your home or maybe via your electronic device.  Do not make the mistake of thinking that since you do not how to monetize stolen data that it is useless information. 

Ensure that protecting your information is second nature to you.  Change your passwords on a regular basis ensuring that you avoid the usual mistakes of using any of the following:

1.      Words you can find in the dictionary.

2.      Passwords shown as "example strong passwords."

3.      Personal information, such as names and birth dates, names of your children.

4.      Avoid sequences of numbers in order as well as keyboard patterns

5.      Repeating characters, such as mmmm3333.

6.      Universal password (same password for all your accounts).

One needs to be equally careful when disposing of mail, i.e. bank and credit card statements; even regular mail that just has your address on it.  Thieves have become extremely resourceful at piecing together any information that you are reckless with, as well as any additional information that they can find online without much effort.  Shredding is the way to go but if you are going to buy one then it is advisable to purchase one that “cross-cuts” as there now is available software that can put together papers that are shredded the normal way.

This past tax season many people had the misfortune of being victims of identity theft with “refund fraud”.  The IRS has "Tips for Taxpayers, Victims about Identity Theft and Tax Returns"“ that are worth your while to read over.  For those that have been victims the IRS has been issuing pin numbers to allow filing your tax return.

Regardless of how tedious this may all seem it is extremely beneficial to follow through with all the suggested precautions as well as checking your credit report annually.  There are also various companies out there that now offer credit protection at differing levels but this too can be pricey.

We are constantly looking for bargains but are we aware of indirect cost said bargain

I do believe there are many of us out there who are constantly searching for bargains for our everyday needs.  In fact I must confess it has been a number of years since I last paid full price for clothing, that is of course not including my running shoes.  I justify this by living by my own self proclaimed motto of not living by trends set by some stranger who really does not understand me.  Dressing for comfort is first and foremost after that I believe the 50-70% off original price sale is closer to the real price we should be paying than the huge "needless markup" we are often subjected to.  With that I do acknowledge that everyone goes into business to make a profit.

This concept of making a profit should also be applied when looking at one's own compensation whenever you are employed but seldom do people know their true own value.  Whether you have sacrificed time and/or money to educate yourself, or over the years you have acquired a skill-set, haunted by the great recession we allow employers to protect their margins by paying us less than we are worth.  

While the majority of Americans, regardless of political party affiliations, are all in support for an increase in the minimum wage there are those like Rep. Joe Barton (R-Texas) who feel it has outlived its usefulness and should be repealed.  It will continue to be a battle of wills until people begin to realize that by continually accepting to be underemployed are unknowingly reinforcing depressed wages and it trickles down to the minimum wage.  Of course the large numbers of unemployed do factor in but something has to be said for the disadvantages to employers should they be constantly retraining new employees because they refuse to pay a just wage.  "A bird in hand is worth two in the bush".

One would think that any costs relating to increasing employee compensation would be handled like any other cost a business owner comes across in the course of doing business.  Gas prices go up all the time as does the cost of most materials and these increases are taken in stride.   Why should the employee be the one to "suck it in"?  Well it turns out employees are the weakest link and as such employers feel this is the cost they can bargain - your desparate need to be employed at a minimum!
Big box stores like Walmart often make statements on how difficult it would be increase wages especially since theirs customers have come to rely on low prices.  Slate has a video that is worth looking at - "Would  Walmart's prices spike if they paid their employees more?

Reading for comprehension can save you money and more

Something needs to be said about how we read.  I acknowledge when I am reading for pleasure depending on the article I generally just scan through it at first to see if anything perks my interest.  If something does I go back to the beginning and give it a somewhat more committed effort.  With my work, however, I feel I need to clear my mind because of the sheer amount of detail I have to take into consideration.  Most of us simply do not take the time to read for comprehension.  Being short of time, always on the go, we tend to scan through documents picking a few words and then running on assumptions.  Again for casual reading this is sufficient but for legal documents, tax returns etc., we are required to establish a certain degree of understanding before putting our name to a document.  Important to acknowledge that by signing your name to any document you are legally libel for the contents.  Simply put you own the statements therein.

Technology has advanced tremendously, and continues to do so at a rate much faster than most people are able to keep up with.  Just because something is advertised as being simplified it does mean that it is simplified for everyone.  Our capabilities and comprehension differ.  Right Brain – Left Brain and all that comes with it.  That you do not know something or nor understand it does not make you a lesser person.  Failure only comes in when you forego seeking assistance where you clearly need it.

Growing up my mother always used to hammer into our heads “ a Jack of all trades is a master of none”.  For some being a ‘Jack of all trades’ is a good thing but for my mother its simply failure to excel.  In my mother’s eyes it means you are mediocre at everything.  She believes you need to master something – your thing – choose one thing that you are absolutely great at and everything else you only need a working knowledge to decipher where to seek masterful help.   This way of thinking continues to serve me well.  While I still believe in doing a great deal of things for myself I never waste my time battling with something that someone else can do more efficiently with no adverse ramifications on my part.

I had a client call me several times this week because their FAFSA application was being questioned for ‘irregularities’.   She was pretty sure she knew what she needed and asked me for specific documents that she was required to submit with her applications.  I questioned the period she was asking for and she said she had talked to someone at the FAFSA office and these documents were exactly what she needed.  I told her that I might be wrong but it did not sound right but I nonetheless facilitated in getting her what she requested.

Needless to say a day or two later she was back with more questions but now much less confident.  I discussed with her that in today’s world when you are asked for information one should not take the request lightly as 99% of the information will require some sort verification that is independent of you.  Her husband had prepared their tax return and miscoded one of the two the Form 1099Rs that he entered and had completely omitted another one.  On the surface it might seem like nothing but the miscoded form was for a “Deemed distribution” for a loan that was outstanding when her employer terminated their retirement plan.  The amount needed to be added to her taxable income for 2013 but her husband had coded it as a rollover.  The resolution is an amended tax return to ensure that their income for 2013 is correctly reported.

Now I am not saying everyone should seek the assistance to CPAs, Enrolled Agents or a Registered Tax Return Preparer.  If your return is simple, Form W2, then definitely save yourself the preparation costs and do your own return, but please take the time to read the questions being asked by the software you using for there is always a very logical reason when the questions was asked in the first place.  If however, your income is a little more complicated or you have had “life event” that might require more schedules than you normally need to file it is foolish to presume you will catch up on all the necessary tax changes to walk it alone.  If you are adamant to do your own return then surely take the time to do the necessary research or at a minimum have someone else review your work before filing your return. 

No excuse for getting it wrong when today everything is at our finger tips - one only needs to take the time to read and comprehend!  

Your compensation vs a stranger's sexual preferences - which one is more important to you?

It boggles the mind how Americans in general will go to the ends of the world to express their views (for or against) on someone else's sexual preferences but when it comes to their own compensation they become mute.  When the debate ending DOMA was raging strong people from all walks of life put in their two cents worth.  Passions were high - those in support marriage equality were 100% behind President Obama - held his feet to the fire where they felt it necessary, the push itself was unrelenting to say the least.  Those against it, equally passionate - foreseeing the end of the world as we know it, made their voices heard and continue putting an equal amount of pressure trying unsuccessfully to sway things back to their way of thinking.

In 2014, though some conservatives still continue to fight a losing battle to prevent marriage equality, President Obama has moved onto making income inequality the next war-front but this time round it appears he is on one side by himself, and on the other side is corporate America fighting hard to keep their margins in place.  The American people (for whom Obama is fighting to increase their compensation with whatever tools he has available to him) are sitting quietly on the sidelines, being spectators as though they do not have any "skin in the game".  That passion that was raging strong as it intrusively pried into the bedrooms of strangers has surprisingly lost its fervor.

There are those who feel that Obama's efforts are socialistic in nature being imposed on a capitalistic economy.  These people hold the view that USA is the land of opportunity and that if you work hard enough you can achieve anything - you can build wealth, you need only pull yourself up by your "boot straps".  Unfortunately for those struggling to pull themselves up into middle class the "bootstraps" that were provided in the form of a good education, well paying manufacturing jobs that came with good solid pensions and health insurance are no longer around as a way to the middle class.  No,  steadily Corporate America has been reducing the number of employees on one end while drastically the number and value of employee benefits; and basic compensation itself has not kept in stride with the every rising cost of living.

The biggest reduction in the workforce came as a result of the great recession of 2008.  The majority of companies downsized their payroll by staggering numbers as they tried to stay afloat during very uncertain times.  The employees that remained under employment saw their workload increase without the corresponding increase in compensation.  Through 2009 and 2010 conventional wisdom was that one should simply be grateful that they have job at all and needing to be properly compensated for the work you did was a luxury many had to forgo.  The majority of employees today still feel obligated to be grateful to have "A JOB" especially as unemployment remains relatively high for an economy that is supposed to have recovered.  Most employees are extremely unhappy but do not dare switch jobs out of pure fear of LIFO -  being the new kid of the block  "last in first out"have.  This is primarily why President Obama is fight income inequality by himself.  People are afraid - they believe the threats that Corporate America is giving.  Most continue to struggle and bridging the shortfall between income and expenses by dipping into their regular savings and retirement accounts.

According to the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) the increase of minimum wage to $10.10 that the President is proposing will effectively increase the income of approximately 16.5 million people.  Those pushing against the increase use the same report, stating that we need to save the jobs of approximately 500,000 that are likely to lose their jobs should the minimum wage be increased.  Little is said about the 900,000 who will be raised out of poverty.  As I have said before this baffles me somewhat.  An employer is willing to let go some employees because he feels he cannot afford the payroll, cannot possible cut his profit or adjust his pricing somewhat.  How cutting his labor affects his business is something that no one seems to bother explain.  My assumption would be the remaining employees are asked to take on more work since they technically they have been given a pay increase.

If for the 500,000 losing their jobs was purely for the fact that they had least skill set and in turn they felt moved enough by the loss to improve themselves it would all be beneficial process in the end.  Unfortunately most people when they lose their jobs its never about them but how wrong the employer was.  I asked someone the other day why they temp, she replied it was because she had lost her permanent job and finding another one has proved difficult at best.  "Why not try for a permanent position with the companies that you are temping with?" I asked her.  "Oh they told me that in the current environment I did not have required skill set" she responded. "Did you ask what skills would be required ?"  "No."  To me she appears very content, content being stuck with no growth.  Her lack of desire or drive to improve herself so that she has the relevant skill set is scary notion that she believes at some point employers will require less than they are now. So she waits.  Were she nearing retirement one would try and understand but for a young woman in her late 30s mind-blowingly retarded.

Avoiding probate by using transfer-on-death instruments

Dealing with one's mortality has always been somewhat of a difficult hurdle to jump over.  Most of us wait until death is persistently knocking on our front door, before we acknowledge that there is some preparation that is required of us.  The fear of the unknown scares the majority of us into shutting down the whole process.  Preservation of ones' wealth makes it a necessary evil, an inevitable process.  Avoiding burdening our loved ones with handling all our financial problems, problems that we could have handled ourselves prior to death, gives them time to mourn our passing instead of cleaning up after us.

Once someone said to me people with long-term illness are lucky in a horrible way, because they are stopped in their tracks and made to face their mortality, while the rest of pretend the day will never come.  Waiting until one is terminally ill is something of a gamble because you are working on the assumption that you are 100% sure you will get a warning of sorts. I personally feel if we learn to live our lives to the fullest - each day as though it was the last but also as though it was the beginning of something new; this will make it somewhat easier to be prepared for the inevitable. Do not procrastinate living your dreams least you run out of time. 

You work so hard to acquire the property that you have and should want your loved ones to get as much of it as possible.  There are plenty of instruments available that afford you the opportunity to protect your assets and ensure that the people you wish to inherit your wealth are the ones the ones that ultimately inherit it.  In the absence of clear and direct instructions upon your death your property becomes subject to probate.  Meaning legal proceedings, directed by the courts, will determine who inherits your property.  This can be a very costly, long and confusing process for your loved ones to endure.

I had a client once who fought a long battle with cancer. She had two siblings, one told her she needed to make alternative arrangements for her own care that did not include them, because they felt not well equipped to deal with her illness nor the inevitable death. The other sibling practically gave up their own lives to be her primary caregiver during her last days.  Being single and never had any children (now not there are any guarantees that your children will readily look after you should you need it either) absence of family can make a bad situation worse.  During our many conversations she would reiterate how she wanted Marybeth, (the sibling looking after her) to inherit all her assets, and to ensure that Sarah got nothing.  Sarah's absence during her sister illness was difficult to accept.  With all the planning, having all her accounts to transfer-on-death, there was unfortunately an account that she had forgotten about.  The account went into probate and was split between her two surviving siblings, following the law but totally against the deceased dying wishes.

The most economical way of avoiding probate is by making use of the Transfer of Death Instruments that are available. Now most of these are revocable, meaning should the family member that you named either predecease you or falls out favor, you can change this at any time.  It is important to note that you need to do the necessary research, ensuring however you decide to title your property it is within the laws of the state or country you reside in. Should you have property in a different State to your resident state, then it is the laws of the State where the property is that you follow and not where you are resident.

There are many instruments available, where you reside, in the case of real estate property will determine which instrument is better suited for you.  For example in Illinois, 2012 saw the introduction of  Illinois Residential Real Property Transfer on Death Instrument Act.(755 ILCS 27/) - which permits an individual to pass ownership at death to another person at a minimal cost.  You would approach your local  There similar instruments for vehicles too, but in this case you would need to approach your local DMV so that the name of your beneficiary is added to the certificate of registration.

For brokerage accounts (holding securities such as stocks, bonds, mutual funds) you can use Transfer-On-Death registration. Again this can be changed at any time should your situation change and require it. Bank accounts use Payable-On-Death but you need to request for the necessary forms to have this on file from your bank.  It is important to note that if done this way it does not give the named beneficiary access to the account during your life time.  Upon your death they will be required to produce proof of death along with appropriate identification to transfer the funds to their name.

Retirement accounts are handled differently, depending of course on your resident state as well as whether you are married or not.  You will need to research on your residence state requirements.  With IRAs (Individual Retirement Accounts) it is advisable to do this at the time you open the account.  Some brokerage houses will insist you name a beneficiary when you open your account, but sadly this is not the norm.  It is most advisable you make a point of reviewing the beneficiary designations on all your retirement accounts at the earliest convenience.  For 401(k), Profit Sharing Plan, Defined Benefit Plan you will need to contact the third party administrator who handles the plan.  If you are not sure who that is, your human resources department should be able to point you in the right direction.

As with other transfer-on-death registrations/instruments, with retirement accounts the designations are revocable of course, but they do also offer the possibility of appointing contingent beneficiary in case your primary beneficiary predeceases you.  For some states Spousal Consent maybe required, if you do not name your spouse as 100% primary beneficiary.  The following states do not require you to notify your spouse should you wish to make any changes:  Alabama, the District of Columbia, Colorado, Georgia, Indiana, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, New York, North Carolina, North Dakota, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, Tennessee, Utah, Vermont, and West Virginia

How price-conscious are you?

Most of us talk about being price-conscious but truthfully not that many people follow through.  Living in a country that brags of being the epitome of capitalism – where market forces rule, who really is in the driver's seat..  Living alone I can afford to stagger my grocery shopping in such a way that I only buy when something is on sale.  Being a creature of habit my product selection remains virtually the same over a period of time and as such I am aware of the price of most items in at least three grocery chains.

Now with this in mind I have to disclosure there are a few items that I hold dear, where I close my eyes and pay whatever the going rate is.  When purchasing these items I walk into the store for that particular item only and nothing else. This week I did make such a trip to the store to make a purchase but while I was waiting for my purchase to prepared I realized that I was hungry and would not be able to eat for a while.  Now retailers bank on such situations occurring because right in front to me was an array of things I can eat on the go.  I looked for a familiar product which I am confident is sold nationwide but to my surprise it was not available. 

In its place was similar product - nutritional content pretty much the same too.  I picked one out, pulled the five dollar bill out my purse, as I had already paid for my other purchases.  I put the two things on the counter for the cashier to ring me up.  Now remember I am working on assumptions here because I picked a similar product and taking for granted the pricing would be similar I was looking for $2.00 change or slightly less.  The cashier rang me up and then in an extremely pleasant voice said “Since this a new product I will give you a coupon for $1.00 for today’s purchase and another your next purchase.  Your total today is $5.62”.  I swallowed hard, putting special effort not to show my shock.  With extremely controlled facial expression I handed her the additional money. 

I cannot say for sure whether I developed an utter dislike for the product because I thought it was overpriced or not.  All I can say for sure is that I am disappointed that I did not just state that the price was above what I was prepared to pay and asked to have the transaction cancelled.  I admit that it was a form of “peer pressure” – I have my usual mantra ringing in my head “every penny counts” over and over again but here I was in a situation where I clearly crossed that line and made a purchase that is above my income bracket and could not even pretend that I did so because I have a long standing relationship with said product.  That it was under $6.00 and I had the ability to pay it is irrelevant to my need for price sensitivity.

Needless to say one of the reasons why I bought the product without a moment's hesitation in the first place was because I had seen a friend drink it.  When I saw her next I handed the coupon to her and told her that I did not realize she had such expensive taste. 

Wealth accumulation 101 – being a great saver means being price-conscious across the board.  But I hasten to add it is also important to ensure you are buying quality, while all the necessary nutrients were there the taste definitely needs working on but none of it matters I will stick to just buying the one product that I have been buying from this particular retailer over the years.

Keeping track of your retirement plan contributions

Having a plan or road map as you accumulate your wealth is an extremely important first step but sometimes if you do not have a working knowledge of some of the investment vehicles that are available then it is prudent to seek help.  As we grow our needs change and with these life-changes the necessity to review your financial situation on a yearly basis makes more sense at the time we prepare our tax returns. 

While IRAs (Individual Retirement Accounts), Roth IRA, SEP IRA and Simple IRA are very useful as retirement accumulation vehicles, they come with a set of complicated rules and regulations that one has to abide by if one is to make use of the intended benefits.  Take for an example if in prior years one might have been eligible to make contributions to an IRA it is not a given that you can continue to do so in future years without checking your eligibility.  It is essential that you confirm your eligibility to make contribution in any given year before the funds are deposited into your IRA account and also that the corresponding deduction is appropriately reported on your tax return.   The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) permits you to correct erroneous contributions through a request for a withdrawal of excess contribution which you can make through your broker or mutual fund.  Whether this is done prior to filing your tax returns for the tax year in question or after and any corresponding earnings are reported in the tax year of the correction.  

While correcting over-funding might seem unnecessary work at first, it quickly becomes a costly oversight when taking the distribution out of your retirement you receive a Form 1099-R and the stated taxable amount is a lot higher than what you recall.  The IRS will require that you show proof of what amount is taxable and what amount is not taxable, failing to do this will result in the full amount being taxable.  No one wants to pay more taxes than is absolutely necessary but worse still you do not want to pay taxes twice because you failed to keep your adequate records.  

Items of special note:

IRA - Individual Retirement Account

SEP IRA

Roth IRA

Simple IRA

Form 1099-R

Return of Excess contribution

ACA - Individual Mandate vs Employer Mandate - who is responsible for your health insurance coverage?

Much has been said about the Affordable Care Act but it seems an injustice that the flood of information has left an uncomfortably high portion of society clueless at best.  For the average person they know the basics and how they interpret the information really depends on what side of the political isle one places themselves.  Take for an example the employer mandate was extended for another year but the individual mandate remains in play.  Some unfortunately read this as though they as an individual need to wait for their employer to decide.  This is sadly incorrect.

As individuals when it comes to issues that affect us personally sometimes it is more beneficial to look at things outside the political purview.  After all, neither your congressman nor your senator has an intimate knowledge of neither your finances nor your health.  Since Health insurance, like any other forms of insurance, is a vehicle used for risk management.  Why then would you give that much power to someone who has a macro view of your needs.  The only difference between the regular insurance we purchase for our houses and cars is that there is certainty that you will definitely use your health insurance to one extent or another.

I have a friend who had one of those catastrophic health plans– which in my world means “I have a card and that’s about it” (thankfully that was cancelled for not meeting basic needs).  With this plan you are not passing the risk onto to anyone – you are literally keeping all the risk but paying someone for a false sense confidence of coverage.  While some use the excuse that they are not buying into ACA because they are not comfortable with certain parts of the bill – seriously you will deny yourself health insurance coverage because you have issue with some woman down the street getting contraceptives? But all is not lost for you for it is still possible to buy health insurance outside the exchange.  Insurance Agents - National Association of Health Underwriters

Then others give the excuse I am waiting for my employer to make a decision – this is where ignorance reigns supreme.  So you are literally opting not to have coverage until your employer has had the chance to see how they can possible avoid offering you health insurance coverage.  If only we could concentrate on the things that affect us directly and partially listen to the things that irrelevant.  It is blatantly obvious that there is a huge amount of information out there – some information misguides people either by undermining the benefits or overselling benefits.  Some information is helpful but nonetheless all of it can be a systems overload for an ordinary person on the street to understand.  Nice thing about living in this digital age you can total streamline your search to only the specific things that matter to you.

Saving for retirement

A common mistake made by many is to think you need a certain amount of income before you can start saving for retirement.  Some will say “you need money to make money”; others use the excuse that they barely have enough to live on now.  But nothing could be further from the truth. When we are younger we have more flexibility on our ability to survive.  During retirement years there are too many variables like health that one needs to contend with.  Like a baby learning to walk, with saving you need to start with small concentrated steps, even though they may be unsure steps it is better start basic and build on it.  Even if you feel you are living from hand to mouth all of us have some room within our budget that one can work with – luxury items we can chip away at. 

With the benefits of “compound interest” even if you save say $10,000 between the age of 20 and 30,  stopping when you are starting your family, that amount if left untouched until your retirement will have grown to approximately $92,000, working with hypothetical interest of 6%.  The idea is that you are leaving any earnings along with the principle within the account.  Starting later will of course mean less money at your retirement but every penny counts.

There are many types of retirement vehicles available for one's use, depending of course on your income level, as well as how you earn it.  In prior years Defined Benefit plans were very popular in the private sector, along with your Social Security Benefits one was guaranteed of a comfortable retirement income.  Volatility, high employer costs coupled with responsibility for uncertain obligations have contributed to a significant move from Defined Benefit Plans to Defined Contribution Plans.  For the majority in the USA we have the 401(k) Plans, which are employer sponsored but also afford one the ability to elect a certain amount annually to be deferred into an account up to $17,500 but not more 100% for actual income earned.  For those 50 and over additional $5000 catch up provision is allowed.  Now just because the maximum is $17,500, it does not mean it’s that amount or nothing.  One should not be intimidate by the high amount but instead should defer an amount more in line with one’s own earnings.

It is important to realize that even if it is only $25 per pay period that you can afford, then that is where you begin.  Try this for at least a year or two.  You can then review on an annual basis and I can assure you, once you see how much you put away with the tax benefit of reducing your current taxable income you will increase the deferred amount.  Some employers will match your contribution and this will only increase the amount you are putting away.

The same concept can be applied with Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) but in this case the maximum you can put away is $5,500 for the 2013 tax year (catch up provision for those 50 and over being $1,000).  IRAs are privately held and have nothing to do with your employer.  You have until April 15th 2014 to make any IRA contributions - whether it is a traditional IRA or Roth IRA. The main difference between these being that the traditional IRA is funded with pre-tax tax money and Roth IRA is after tax, as well as all growth if withdrawals are qualified.  (Will cover these two in more detail over the next couple of weeks).   As long as you have earned income you can open an IRA account but the IRS does stipulate income limitations on its tax deductibility.   

For those with a lower income there are further retirement saving benefits worth taking into consideration prior to filing your 2013 tax returns.  The IRS (Internal Revenue Service)offers Saver's Credit, which can be up to $1,000 of tax credit for retirement savings of $2,000 for those within the stipulated AGI (adjusted gross income).  In short you are being paid for saving your own for retirement. 

Can you live on minimum wage?

We all go through life seeing things from our own perspective and this is a very normal thing to do.  But seldom do we acknowledge that this view is limited by our own experiences when we pass judgment on others.  Sometimes the decisions we make or at a minimum the views we hold collectively have far reaching consequence far beyond our dismissive nature on the path that others are travelling.   When voting we based on our needs personally, the things that affect us directly and not collective needs of the population as a whole.  Some of us participate in polls that politicians use to gauge popular trends before formulating policies.

 There is the old adage/proverb that you should not criticize anyone until you have “walked a mile” in their shoes.  I would like us all to stop for a minute and look at the guilty pleasures that we have.  Just how much does each one cost you?  Whether it is a night out once a week; or weekend getaway once a month.  For some it might be as simple as another pair of shoes in addition to the other "60 pairs.  Now I am not saying give it up – no I am just highlighting the importance these things in your life.  These guilty pleasures do go a long way in keeping us sane.

Now imagine you are earning $8.25 per hour and working 30 hours (weekly income of $247.50) because your employer is keeping your hours down as part of their strategy of keep costs down in these “uncertain economic times”.  Maybe you have two kids and spouse looking to you to make ends meet.  Those wages are nowhere near sufficient to feed a family of four as well as provide shelter.  $8.25/hour is by no means a “living wage” and the people in this income bracket are expected to shop in the shops where we all shop at. The rate stated above is for my home state of Illinois, the Federal rate is $7.25

I am ashamed to confess that on occasion I have uttered the words “I am feeling the hardship of the recession”.   And in truth I have because there were things that I did stream down when I was reviewing my personal budget.  I used the word ashamed because I do not have a family of four to feed.  Even though I consider myself “under-employed” my income is significantly higher than what is considered minimum wage and yet I shop in the same shops as people on minimum wage.  I still complain on just how hard things have become but I do remember to be grateful for I am well aware just how much worse it could all be.  

So next time you are giving your opinion on whether or not there should be an increase to the minimum wage think a little outside the box.  A better compensation for all ultimately means less people will need to turn to supplemental assistance such as the link card or Section 8 housing.  With a reduction in the number of those who use these programs there will be less of your tax dollars needed.

Upward mobility and the skills gap

In President Obama's 2014 State of the Union he spoke of putting in place policies that will increase jobs as well as an increase in the minimum wage.  Only some of the tools he intends on using will deal with problems of inequality, or as some prefer to call it "the income gap".  

There is a stark disparity between the packages CEO's negotiate for themselves and what the actual workers are being compensated.  Some get bonuses in the millions for cutting human resource expenses.   Most CEO's fight an increase 15-17% increase in minimum wage, claiming it is bad for business but feel their 50-70% increase is justified.  Which boggles the mind when it is the same CEO's that are looking for a market for their products.  Don’t the potential customers need to actually earning the money to spend somewhere.

To date, employers feel when a candidate has been out of work for a period of time, that employee has missed out on changes that might occur.  The corporate world is supposed to sign on, pledging to be more lenient on those who have been unemployed for extended periods.  In reality what is needed here is that the unemployed actively take steps to reduce those so called "gaps" on the resume to lessen the anxieties of future employers.  How does one stay current on industry regulations?  

In the financial and accounting industry there are regulatory continuing education courses that one is required to do that help keep you abreast of said changes.  If you are at home how do you keep up with the changes? With the economy having moved from manufacturing to service, technology has left a huge percentage of the population lacking relevant skills needed as to be viably employed.

Then there are those who are unemployed because their position no longer exists for a mired of reasons, from downsizing to some sort of automation. It can only mean your skills are no how longer marketable.  Does it then mean that the pledge from "C" suite will cover these shortfalls too?

Now I am not saying that I am grateful for all efforts the President is pushing.  I am just saying that the individual has a significant part to play here.  We are back to basics and there is a clear need for one to reinvent themselves by either going back to school (your degree attained 30 years ago is hardly relevant if changing careers altogether) or looking to see what self-employment might offer.  Americans need to take ownership of their lives and not wait for the right conditions to be put in place.

We brag so often about the greatness of America, whether Republican or Democrat we all have socialist tendencies.  Hiding behind a need for a smaller government in the hope of paying lower taxes without reducing your expectations accordingly is asking for a handout.  Continually expecting benefits when there is no revenue to cover the need is in itself expecting a handout.

The problems being experienced in the USA are replicated world over.  While the USA has an unemployment rate of 6.7% the Euro-zone is at approximately 12.1% - of course countries like Spain (26.3%) and Greece (27.7%) are the biggest contributors to the high rate.  Of course not being counted in there are those that have given up looking altogether.

Maybe the solution is that governments offer incentives to companies that opt of human workers instead of automation.  But there are the high and constant costs that come with HR whereas with equipment it is a given purchase and maintenance cost that no President can change with the stroke of a pen. 

99% vs Tom Perkins? Or Perkins just old man fighting for relevance

Is there something to be said about the disparity on income and wealth in the USA and world over?  The answer would be a resounding yes.  If the rich are feeling victimized then obviously the message must have been skewed at some point.  Hard to understand how one with so much could possibly feel anything but privileged.   One can confidently say Tom Perkins was hardly a choice that the 1% would have chosen to be their collective voice for he clearly does not speak for the majority of what he affectionately refers to as a "minority".

In an interview with Emily Chang of Bloomberg Tom Perkins is "Comparing the problem to the Holocaust".

The sheer absurdity of the term requires one not to get worked out about Perkins at all but to feel sorry for him.  He is an extremely accomplished millionaire.  Not a billionaire by his own admission but he brags of having personally facilitated others in becoming billionaires.  Clearly the wits he had to achieve this is no longer there in abundance. 

The debate is narrowly discussed and one has to choose a camp - either with the Democrats and be accused of income redistribution or Republicans and only desired to discuss cutting taxes.  Personally I do not want to be boxed into either camp.  I believe that opportunities need to be provided to allow people to work for a living.  I do not believe any person with self-pride would opt for handouts instead of a good steady job.  I sincerely believe good people apply for unemployment benefits because they genuinely need to feed their family.  But I do also believe that these benefits need to be streamline and better manage to avoid abuse.  Extending them was necessary during the Great Recession but at some point this too needs to stop.

What is missed in the discussion about income disparity is the mere fact that with so many slipping into poverty there is a significant decrease in the numbers to whom these extremely accomplished millionaires and billionaires can sell their products.  An intelligent business person would strive for a stronger middle class so that he can have someone to sell his products to.  Feeling victimized because you have more that you could possibly spend in your lifetime and comparing it to the Holocaust can only come from an old man experiencing adverse effects of aging.  For one to have achieved what he achieved and then to make irresponsible comments as he did in his interview with Emily Chang is beyond sad.  The man is crying out for help and we should all feel sorry for him rather than be angered.  But more important at least he has enough money to pay for the help he clearly needs and he is not being subjected to "death camps" either.

I really think we need to respect the horrific experiences of the Holocaust and not trivialize the memory of the lives lost nor the lives altered.  Making apologies after the fact is unacceptable.  It is simply uncouth to speak so irresponsibly and then think it is okay to offer apologies after the fact.  It is really so hard for one to think before one speaks? 

2013 TAX HIGHLIGHTS

Below are a few highlights for consideration as you prepare your tax documents before going to your tax preparer.  It is important to always remember that you are ultimately responsible for the tax returns that you efile or authorize a tax professional to file on your behalf.  If you feel you do not understand something ask.

More importantly the Internal Revenue Service is available for taxpayers with questions - IRS - Telephone-Assistance.  In addition H&R Block and Jackson Hewitt  are among companies that have walk-in offices that you can use.  For those who prefer to use online services Turbotax is an option. Depending on your income level some of the companies with online services do offer free tax preparation.  

1.     Parents must have social security numbers for dependents born before December 31, 2013 to claim an exemption on 2013 returns.

2.     Tax rates for 2013...10%, 15%, 25%, 28%, 33%,  35%, and 39.6%.  The top rate only has increased from 35% to 39.6% for Single/Head of Household filers with excess Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) over $400,000 & Joint filers over $450,000.

3.     Personal exemptions...2013 - $3,900; 2014 - $3,950.  Beginning in 2013, the personal exemption begins to phase out for taxpayers with adjusted gross income amounts over $300,000 for Joint filers, $250,000 for Single filers, and $275,000 for Head of Household.

4.     Standard deductions (in lieu of itemizing deductions) - 2013:                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              Age 65+ or Blind

                                                    Standard Deduction                                    Each Spouse

        Married Filing Jointly /                                                                        

        Qualified Widower                                   $12,200                                                 $  1,200

        Single                                                      $  6,100                                                 $  1,500

        Head of Household                                  $  8,950                                                 $  1,500

5.     Investment income of children under age 18 or children under age 24, as long as they are full time students in excess of $2,000 is taxed at the parent’s marginal tax rate.

6.     Investment Income:  Beginning in 2013, all excess investment income for those with modified adjusted gross income over $200,000 for single filers; $250,000 for Joint filers will include an additional 3.8% Medicare tax liability.

7.     FICA wage ceiling: For 2013, the so-called payroll tax social security holiday ended and the base rate has returned to 6.2% of taxable wages each for both employee and employer contributions up to the wage ceiling of $113,700.  For 2014, the ceiling will be $117,000. .        Medicare: For 2013 the base rate is 1.45% of taxable wages for both employer and employee and has an unlimited wage ceiling.  Beginning in 2013, the employee share increases to 2.35% for taxable wages over $200,00 for Single filers, $250,000 for Joint filers.

9.     Ceiling on 401(k) and 403(b) contributions:                  Simple Contributions:

                        2013 - $17,500 ($23,000 if 50 or older)                      2013 - $12,000 ($14,500 if 50 or older)

                        2014 - $17,500 ($23,000 if 50 or older)                      2014 - $12,000 ($14,500 if 50 or older)

10.   2013 contributions for IRA and non-working spousal IRA:  $5,500; ($6,500 if 50 or older)

        2014 contributions for IRA and non-working spousal IRA:  $5,500; ($6,500 if 50 or older)

11.   Standard mileage rate: For 2013: Business is $.565 …for charity $.14 .. for medical and  moving $.24

      For 2014: Business is $.56 …for charity $.14 … for medical &  moving $.235

12.   Allowable Earnings for Social Security below full retirement age is $15,120 for 2013 and $15,480 for 2014…on or after full retirement age unlimited earnings.  $1 gets deducted for every $2 you earn over the allowable earnings limit.

13.   Annual gift tax exemption - $14,000 per individual for both 2013 and 2014.

14.   Penalty-free withdrawals from IRA can be made for medical expenses in excess of 10% of adjusted gross income

15.  Long term capital gain and qualified dividends rates are now graduated rates based on modified adjusted gross income (MAGI).  For 2013, Single filers with (MAGI) under $36,250 and Joint filers under $72,500 will pay 0%.  Single filers between $36,250 - $200,000 and Joint filers between $72,500 - $250,000 will pay 15%.  Single filers between $200,000 - $400,000 and Joint filers between $250,000 - $450,000 will pay 18.9%.  Single filers over $400,000 and Joint filers over $450,000 will pay 23.8%.

16.   Annual compensation limit for retirement plans is $255,000 in 2013; $260,000 in 2014.  Contribution limits are set at $51,000 in 2013 and $52,000 for 2014 for profit sharing and simplified employee pension plans, and $205,000 in 2013 and $210,000 for 2014 for defined benefit plans.

17.   IRA distributions. For 2013 taxpayers age 70 1/2 or older can continue to make tax-free distributions from IRAs for charitable purposes. 

NEW AND/OR REVISED TAX PROVISIONS INCLUDE:

·         The enhanced Code Sec 179 maximum dollar limitation and investment limitation respectively is $500,000 and $2,000,000 in 2013.

·         AMT exemption. The Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT) exemption for 2013 is $80,800 for married; $51,900 for singles and head of household; and $40,400 for married filing separate taxpayers  It will be indexed for inflation in 2014 and beyond.

·         Itemized deductions for medical expenses.  Beginning with the 2013 tax year, deductions for unreimbursed medical expenses must exceed 10% of your adjusted gross income to be deductible.  For individuals age 65 and older, the threshold remains at 7.5% until December 31, 2016.

·         Income for forgiveness of mortgage indebtedness. Principal-residence homeowners who have part of their mortgage debt forgiven have been spared having to pay income tax on the forgiven income for joint filers up to $2 million dollars. The Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008 extends this benefit through 2013.

Same-sex couples who have been legally married in a state or  jurisdiction that recognizes their marriage, must now be treated as married for federal tax purposes.  The ruling applies regardless of wherever the couple currently resides, using either the married filing jointly or married filing separately filing status.  Additionally, employees who purchased same-sex spousal health insurance coverage from their employers on an after-tax basis may treat the amounts paid for that coverage as a non-taxable fringe benefit.